A Ramsey apparatus for proton spins in flowing water

Ivo Schulthess; Anastasio Fratangelo; Patrick Hautle; Philipp Heil; Gjon Markaj; Marc Persoz; Ciro Pistillo; Jacob Thorne; Florian M Piegsa

doi:10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107496

A Ramsey apparatus for proton spins in flowing water

J Magn Reson. 2023 Aug:353:107496. doi: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107496. Epub 2023 Jun 8.

Authors

Ivo Schulthess¹, Anastasio Fratangelo², Patrick Hautle³, Philipp Heil², Gjon Markaj², Marc Persoz², Ciro Pistillo², Jacob Thorne², Florian M Piegsa⁴

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
³ Laboratory for Neutron and Muon Instrumentation (LIN), Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
⁴ Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 37320959
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107496

Abstract

We present an apparatus that applies Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields to proton spins in water molecules. The setup consists of a water circuit, a spin polarizer, a magnetically shielded interaction region with various radio frequency elements, and a nuclear magnetic resonance system to measure the spin polarization. We show that this apparatus can be used for Rabi resonance measurements and to investigate magnetic and pseudomagnetic field effects in Ramsey-type precision measurements with a sensitivity below 100 pT.

Keywords: Magnetic field effects; Magnetometry; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Proton NMR; Ramsey apparatus.