We report a case of bronchopleural fistula (BPF) in a patient submitted to conventional mechanical ventilation in which high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) was applied during five consecutive days. Gas exchange was adequate, the bronchial secretions could easily be cleared and the patient adapted comfortably to HFJV. In spite of PEEP levels between 4 and 8 mm Hg, the leak through the BPF ceased completely.