Can IgG4-related disease present as isolated myositis?

Neuromuscul Disord. 2023 Jul;33(7):570-574. doi: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.04.004. Epub 2023 Apr 7.

Abstract

IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD)is a chronic fibroinflammatory disease typically characterized by inflammation or tumefaction of the organs involved. Skeletal muscle is not one of the typical organs involved in IgG4-RD. Isolated myositis related to IgG4-RD without common organ involvement such as lacrimal or salivary glands or retroperitoneal fibrosis is a controversial and debatable entity. Here we report a case of inflammatory myopathy in an elderly woman with several atypical clinical, lab, and histopathological findings suggestive of IgG4-related myositis. Two such case reports of IgG4-related myositis were reported in the literature review. This is a third case report of elevated IgG4 positive plasma cell infiltration in muscle with severe endomysial fibrosis and unusual myositis features (Figs. 1 and 2). This case-based review opens a possibility of a novel presentation of IgG4-RD and new pathogenesis in myositis.

Keywords: Creatiine phosphokinase; Creatine kinase, Muscle enzymes; Electromyography; IgG4 positive cells; IgG4-related disease; Inflammatory myositis; Muscle biopsy; Myopathy; Myositis; Plasmolymphocytic infitrates; Polymyositis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Autoimmune Diseases* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease* / diagnosis
  • Inflammation
  • Muscle, Skeletal / pathology
  • Myositis* / diagnosis

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin G