Streptococcus parasanguinis: An emerging pathogen causing neonatal endocarditis: A case report

Background. The microbial infection of the endocardium, popularly known as Infective Endocarditis (IE), is typically classified on the basis of anatomy, valve nativity and its associated microbiology. As per the associated microbiology, Staphylococcus aureus is the most common microorganism responsible for the cause of IE. Even though, the Streptococcus group accounts for a smaller percentage of IE, however this doesn't give us the liberty of ignoring the high mortality and morbidity associated with this pathogen. Case presentation. We report an unusual case of neonatal sepsis, complicated with endocarditis, caused by penicillin resistant Streptococcus parasanguinis . The neonate however died of the same despite all efforts. The said baby was given birth by a mother with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: High index of clinical suspicion and prompt diagnosis are the most important factors of patient management, especially in cases of life threatening neonatal infections. In such conditions a coordinated interdepartmental approach is very much needed.