Study on the Construction of Interlayer Adjustable C@MoS₂ Fiber Anode by Biomass Confining and its Lithium/Sodium Storage Mechanism

Building a stable and controllable interlayer structure is the key to improving the sodium storage cycling stability and rate performance of two-dimensional anode materials. This study explored the rich functional groups in bacterial cellulose culture medium in the way of biological self-assembly. Mo precursors were used to produce chemical bond in bacterial cellulose culture medium, and intercalation groups are introduced to achieve MoS₂ localized nucleation and in situ localized construction of carbon intercalation stable interlaminar structure, thus improving ion transport dynamics and cycle stability. In order to avoid structural irreversibility of MoS₂ at low potential, an extended voltage window of 1.5-4 V was selected for lithium/sodium intercalation testing. It was found that there was a significant improvement in sodium storage capacity and stability. During the electrochemical cycling process, in-situ Raman testing revealed that the structure of MoS₂ was completely reversible, and the intensity changes of MoS₂ characteristic peaks showed in-plane vibration without involving interlayer bonding fracture. Moreover, after the lithium sodium was removed from the intercalation C@MoS₂ all structures have good retention.