Demographic Disparities in the Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcome of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in the United States

Fadar Oliver Otite; Smit D Patel; Nnabuchi Anikpezie; Haydn Hoffman; Timothy Beutler; Emmanuel Oladele Akano; Ehimen Aneni; Oluwatomi Lamikanra; Chukwuemeka Osondu; Claribel Wee; Devin Burke; Karen C Albright; Julius G Latorre; Luis Mejico; Priyank Khandelwal; Seemant Chaturvedi

doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000207604

Demographic Disparities in the Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcome of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in the United States

Neurology. 2023 Oct 10;101(15):e1554-e1559. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207604. Epub 2023 Jul 24.

Authors

Fadar Oliver Otite¹, Smit D Patel², Nnabuchi Anikpezie², Haydn Hoffman², Timothy Beutler², Emmanuel Oladele Akano², Ehimen Aneni², Oluwatomi Lamikanra², Chukwuemeka Osondu², Claribel Wee², Devin Burke², Karen C Albright², Julius G Latorre², Luis Mejico², Priyank Khandelwal², Seemant Chaturvedi²

Affiliations

¹ From the Department of Neurology (F.O.O., C.W., D.B., K.C.A., J.G.L., L.M.), SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; Department of Neurosurgery (S.D.P.), University of Connecticut, Hartford; Department of Population Health (N.A.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Department of Neurosurgery (H.H., T.B.), SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; Molecular Neuropharmacological Unit (E.O.A.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (E.A.), Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Critical Care (O.L.), Springfield Clinic, IL; Baptist Health South Florida (C.O.), Miami; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.K.), Rutgers University, Newark, NJ; and Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Maryland, Baltimore. [email protected].
² From the Department of Neurology (F.O.O., C.W., D.B., K.C.A., J.G.L., L.M.), SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; Department of Neurosurgery (S.D.P.), University of Connecticut, Hartford; Department of Population Health (N.A.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS; Department of Neurosurgery (H.H., T.B.), SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; Molecular Neuropharmacological Unit (E.O.A.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (E.A.), Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Critical Care (O.L.), Springfield Clinic, IL; Baptist Health South Florida (C.O.), Miami; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.K.), Rutgers University, Newark, NJ; and Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Maryland, Baltimore.

Abstract

Objectives: To estimate age-specific, sex-specific, and race-specific incidence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the State Inpatient Database of Florida (2016-2019), Maryland (2016-2019), and New York (2016-2018). All new cases of PRES in adults (18 years or older) were combined with Census data to compute incidence. We evaluated the generalizability of incident estimates to the entire country using the 2016-2019 National Readmissions Database (NRD).

Results: Across the study period, there were 3,716 incident hospitalizations for PRES in the selected states. The age-standardized and sex-standardized incidence of PRES was 2.7 (95% CI 2.5-2.8) cases/100,000/y. Incidence in female patients was >2 times that of male patients (3.7 vs 1.6 cases/100,000/y, p < 0.001). Incidence increased with age in both sexes (p-trend <0.001). Similar demographic distribution of first hospitalization for PRES was also noted in the entire country using the NRD. Age-standardized and sex-standardized PRES incidence in Black patients (4.2/100,000/y) was significantly greater than in Non-Hispanic White (2.7/100,000/y) and Hispanic patients (1.2/100,000/y) (p < 0.001 for pairwise comparisons).

Discussion: The incidence of PRES in the United States is approximately 3/100,000/y, but incidence in female patients is >2 times that of male patients. PRES incidence is higher in Black compared with non-Hispanic White and Hispanic patients.

MeSH terms

Adult
Female
Florida
Hospitalization
Humans
Incidence
Male
Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome* / epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
United States / epidemiology

Abstract

MeSH terms

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