Headlines win elections: Mere exposure to fictitious news media alters voting behavior

PLoS One. 2023 Aug 1;18(8):e0289341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289341. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Repeatedly encountering a stimulus biases the observer's affective response and evaluation of the stimuli. Here we provide evidence for a causal link between mere exposure to fictitious news reports and subsequent voting behavior. In four pre-registered online experiments, participants browsed through newspaper webpages and were tacitly exposed to names of fictitious politicians. Exposure predicted voting behavior in a subsequent mock election, with a consistent preference for frequent over infrequent names, except when news items were decidedly negative. Follow-up analyses indicated that mere media presence fuels implicit personality theories regarding a candidate's vigor in political contexts. News outlets should therefore be mindful to cover political candidates as evenly as possible.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Causality
  • Humans
  • Politics*

Grants and funding

The publication was supported by the Open Access Fund of Universität Trier and University of Würzburg and by the German Research Foundation (DFG). R.P. is funded by a Heisenberg grant of the DFG (PF 853/10-1).