Multi-institutional assessment of the prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors in children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis in the United States

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2023 Nov;70(11):e30620. doi: 10.1002/pbc.30620. Epub 2023 Aug 9.

Abstract

As non-operative management of acute appendicitis in children has become more common, missed incidental appendiceal pathology can be an unintended consequence. We assessed the prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors in appendectomy specimens from eight US children's hospitals from 2012 to 2021. The prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors (NET) was found to be 1:271, with a median age of 14 years and 62% female. Most tumors were small (median 6 mm; interquartile range [IQR]: 3-10), and no recurrence was noted during the follow-up period (median 22.5 months; IQR: 3-53). The possibility of delayed diagnosis of these tumors should be part of the discussion for non-operative management of pediatric acute appendicitis.

Keywords: NET; appendectomy; appendicitis; carcinoid; neuroendocrine tumor.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adolescent
  • Appendectomy
  • Appendiceal Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Appendiceal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Appendicitis* / diagnosis
  • Appendicitis* / epidemiology
  • Appendicitis* / surgery
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy*
  • Male
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors* / epidemiology
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors* / pathology
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors* / surgery
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • United States / epidemiology