Exploring Goals and Functional Changes in Reablement for People with Fractures and People with Dizziness and Balance Problems

Background: Although older people often have challenges with fractures and dizziness/balance problems, knowledge concerning the impact of reablement of people with these conditions is limited.

Aim: To explore functional changes in reablement for older home-dwelling people with fractures and dizziness/balance problems regarding 1) occupational performance and satisfaction with performance, 2) physical function and 3) health-related quality of life, and 4) which occupations they prioritize as rehabilitation goals.

Material and methods: The sample is derived from a nationwide clinically controlled trial in Norway consisting of 149 participants with fractures and 113 with dizziness/balance problems who participated in a four to 10-week reablement program. Data were collected at baseline and at 10-week, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up and were analyzed with paired t-tests and analysis of covariance. Occupational priorities were categorized into sub-areas of occupation.

Results: Both groups had significant short-, mid-, and long-term improvements in occupational performance and satisfaction with performance. Except for balance from baseline to 12-month follow-up, the fracture group showed significant improvements in physical function and health-related quality of life at all follow-ups. The results varied more in the group with dizziness/balance problems in physical function and health-related quality of life. Functional mobility was the highest prioritized occupational sub-area in both groups.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provide extended knowledge about goals and functional changes in people with fractures and dizziness/balance problems following a reablement program.

Significance: Tailoring and individual adjustments according to diagnosis may be important in person-centered care in reablement.