Circulating Osteoprogenitor Cells Have a Mixed Immune and Mesenchymal Progenitor Function in Humans

Stem Cells. 2023 Nov 5;41(11):1060-1075. doi: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad064.

Abstract

Background: Circulating osteoprogenitors (COP) are a population of cells in the peripheral circulation that possess functional and phenotypical characteristics of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). This population has a solid potential to become an abundant, accessible, and replenishable source of MSCs with multiple potential clinical applications. However, a comprehensive functional characterization of COP cells is still required to test and fully develop their use in clinical settings.

Methods: This study characterized COP cells by comparing them to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) through detailed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses.

Results: We demonstrate that COP cells have a distinct gene and protein expression pattern with a significantly stronger immune footprint, likely owing to their hematopoietic lineage. In addition, regarding progenitor cell differentiation and proliferation pathways, COP cells have a similar expression pattern to BM-MSCs and ASCs.

Conclusion: COP cells are a unique but functionally similar population to BM-MSCs and ASCs, sharing their proliferation and differentiation capacity, thus presenting an accessible source of MSCs with strong potential for translational regenerative medicine strategies.

Keywords: adipose-derived stromal cells; circulating osteogenic precursor; circulating osteoprogenitor cell; multilineage stromal cells.

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue* / metabolism
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Proteomics