A case of Lemierre's syndrome causing panhypopituitarism, cavernous sinus thrombosis, ischaemic stroke and pulmonary embolism

J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2023 Dec;53(4):258-262. doi: 10.1177/14782715231198180. Epub 2023 Sep 7.

Abstract

Infection is a rare cause of panhypopituitarism and has not been reported in the context of Lemierre's syndrome. We present the case of a previously well 19-year-old man, who presented acutely unwell with meningitis and sepsis. Fusobacterium necrophorum was isolated from peripheral blood cultures and identified on cerebrospinal fluid with 16S rDNA Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Imaging demonstrated internal jugular vein thrombosis with subsequent cavernous venous sinus thrombosis. Pituitary function tests were suggestive of panhypopituitarism. The patient was diagnosed with Lemierre's syndrome complicated by meningitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, base of skull osteomyelitis, ischaemic stroke and panhypopituitarism. He was treated with 13 weeks of intravenous antibiotics followed by 3 weeks of oral amoxicillin, and anticoagulated with dalteparin then apixaban. His panhypopituitarism was managed with hydrocortisone, levothyroxine and desmopressin.

Keywords: cranial nerve palsy; jugular vein thrombosis; lemierre’s syndrome; panhypopituitarism; stroke.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brain Ischemia* / complications
  • Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis* / complications
  • Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis* / etiology
  • Humans
  • Hypopituitarism
  • Ischemic Stroke* / complications
  • Lemierre Syndrome* / complications
  • Lemierre Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Lemierre Syndrome* / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Meningitis* / complications
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / complications
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / drug therapy
  • Stroke*
  • Young Adult

Supplementary concepts

  • Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency