Impact of PCSK9 inhibitors on coronary atheroma phenotype following myocardial infarction: insights from intravascular imaging

Curr Opin Cardiol. 2023 Nov 1;38(6):504-508. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000001080. Epub 2023 Sep 25.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The aim of this study was to review the impact of combination lipid lowering with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on coronary atherosclerosis using serial intravascular imaging.

Recent findings: Early studies using intravascular ultrasound established the ability of increasingly intensive lipid lowering to both slow progression and ultimately promote regression of coronary disease. More recent clinical trials that have employed serial imaging with optical coherence tomography have permitted the ability to evaluate the impact of intensive lipid lowering on compositional features associated with plaque vulnerability. In particular, the combination of intensive statin and PCSK9 inhibitor therapy promotes plaque stability in patients following an acute coronary syndrome.

Summary: More intensive lipid lowering using the combination of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors promote plaque regression in addition to promoting calcification, fibrous cap thickening and reductions in plaque lipid. These plaque-stabilizing effects underscore the benefits of combination therapy on cardiovascular events and highlight the importance of combination lipid-lowering therapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Artery Disease* / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Lipids
  • Myocardial Infarction* / drug therapy
  • PCSK9 Inhibitors
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic* / diagnostic imaging
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic* / drug therapy
  • Proprotein Convertase 9 / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • PCSK9 Inhibitors
  • PCSK9 protein, human
  • Proprotein Convertase 9
  • Lipids