Objective: To investigate the expression differences of LLGL2 between prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma, and its potential clinical significance. Methods: Eighteen patients diagnosed of PDA or prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma with PDA component by histopathology during January 2015 and December 2019 in the Beijing Hospital, China were retrospectively studied. The transcriptome analysis was conducted using the tissue of PDA and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Differentially expressed genes and the differences in expression profiles were identified. Further, differentially expressed proteins were verified by immunohistochemistry. Results: The tissue from 8 of the 18 patients were used for transcriptome analysis, the results of which were compared with data from public databases. 129 differentially expressed genes were identified. 45 of them were upregulated while 84 were downregulated. The results of gene enrichment analysis and gene oncology (GO) analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mostly enriched in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and interleukin-17 related pathways. GPAT2, LLGL2, MAMDC4, PCSK9 and SMIM6 were differentially expressed between PDA and prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Moreover, LLGL2 was more likely expressed in the cytoplasm (P=0.04) than the nucleus (P<0.01) in PDA, compared with prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: The gene expression profiling indicates that PDA are very similar to prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma. Among the differentially expressed proteins screened and verified in this study, the expression of GPAT2, LLGL2, MAMDC4 and PCSK9 is increased in PDA, while that of SMIM6 is reduced in PDA. The expression of LLGL2 shows significantly different patterns between PDA and prostatic acinar carcinoma, and thus may help differentiate PDA from prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma in clinical practice.
目的： 探讨前列腺导管腺癌（PDA）及腺泡腺癌中的差异表达蛋白及其潜在临床意义。 方法： 回顾北京医院2015年1月至2019年12月诊断前列腺癌且病理诊断为PDA或有PDA成分的18例患者的临床和病理信息。对PDA和腺泡腺癌组织进行转录组分析，并对比二者表达谱差异。对表达具有显著差异的蛋白进行免疫组织化学验证，并分析其表达模式差异。 结果： 18例PDA患者中8例进行转录组分析，表达量与公共数据库进行比较，通过差异基因分析，一共确定了129个表达差异基因，其中45个表达上调，84个表达下调。富集分析结果显示差异基因主要富集在与心血管相关（肥厚型心肌病）和白介素17相关的两条通路。表达谱的差异分析发现GPAT2、LLGL2、MAMDC4、PCSK9及SMIM6具有表达差异。进一步免疫组织化学分析显示，与腺泡腺癌相比，PDA的LLGL2细胞质染色强阳性表达较多（P=0.04），细胞核染色呈阴性（P<0.01）。 结论： 基因表达谱的结果表明PDA与腺泡腺癌非常相似。在筛选并验证的差异蛋白中，GPAT2、LLGL2、MAMDC4、PCSK9在PDA中表达增高，SMIM6在PDA中表达降低，其中LLGL2的表达在PDA与腺泡腺癌间存在表达部位的显著差异，可能成为一种潜在的标志物，在PDA与腺泡腺癌的鉴别诊断中得以应用。.