Severe aortic insufficiency-induced cardiogenic shock treated with left atrial VA-ECMO and emergent valve-in-valve TAVR

ESC Heart Fail. 2023 Dec;10(6):3718-3724. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.14561. Epub 2023 Oct 27.

Abstract

Conventional venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) places a functional afterload burden on the left ventricle. In the setting of acute severe aortic insufficiency-induced cardiogenic shock, the utility of VA-ECMO in combination with a failing valve may result in catastrophic haemodynamic consequences. This challenge is compounded when the culprit is a failing surgical bioprosthetic valve. We present a case of severe rapid-onset bioprosthetic aortic insufficiency-induced cardiogenic shock successfully resuscitated with left atrial VA-ECMO promptly followed by emergent percutaneous valve-in-valve transaortic valve replacement. We discuss the logistics, implications, and associated haemodynamic manifestations in utilizing this strategy for such disease processes.

Keywords: Aortic insufficiency; Cardiogenic shock; Haemodynamics; LAVA-ECMO; Mechanical circulatory support; ViV-TAVR.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency* / complications
  • Aortic Valve Insufficiency* / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation*
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*
  • Humans
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / etiology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / adverse effects