Prognostic impact of TP53 mutations in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with a pediatric-type regimen

Leuk Lymphoma. 2024 Feb;65(2):219-227. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2278026. Epub 2024 Jan 24.

Abstract

The prognostic impact of TP53 mutations (TP53mut) in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains debatable. Herein, we determined the clinical significance of TP53mut in 283 adult ALL patients treated with a pediatric-type regimen. TP53mut were found in 11.0% (31) of patients, including 19 cases in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients and 12 cases in non-AYA patients. Patients with TP53mut had poorer overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in the non-AYA subgroup (n = 64) (3-year OS, 18.2% vs 50.9%, p = .0033; 3-year EFS, 0 vs 45.3%, p = .00028). however, this had to be taken cautiously due to a limited number of patients. In the AYA subgroup (n = 219), TP53mut did not impact OS or EFS (3-year OS, 60.6%vs71.0%, p = .55; 3-year EFS, 52.5%vs59.6%, p = .57). Collectively, our data reveal that the pediatric-type regimen eliminated the poor prognostic impact of TP53mut in AYA ALL. However, in non-AYA ALL patients, TP53mut remain a potential biomarker associated with poor outcomes.

Keywords: TP53; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; minimal residual disease; next-generation sequencing; pediatric-type regimen; prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Biomarkers
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* / therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53