Cancer drug repurposing in autism spectrum disorder

Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Dec;44(12):963-977. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.09.008. Epub 2023 Nov 6.

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with uncertain origins. Understanding of the mechanisms underlying ASD remains limited, and treatments are lacking. Genetic diversity complicates drug development. Given the complexity and severity of ASD symptoms and the rising number of diagnoses, exploring novel therapeutic strategies is essential. Here, we focus on shared molecular pathways between ASD and cancer and highlight recent progress on the repurposing of cancer drugs for ASD treatment, such as mTOR inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and anti-inflammatory agents. We discuss how to improve trial design considering drug dose and patient age. Lastly, the discussion explores the critical aspects of side effects, commercial factors, and the efficiency of drug-screening pipelines; all of which are essential considerations in the pursuit of repurposing cancer drugs for addressing core features of ASD.

Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; cancer; drug repurposing; neurodevelopmental disorders; precision medicine.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / diagnosis
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / drug therapy
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / genetics
  • Drug Development
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Drug Repositioning
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents