Simple prenatal imaging predictors for postnatal cerebrospinal fluid diversion surgery in fetuses undergoing in utero surgery for spina bifida

Prenat Diagn. 2023 Dec;43(13):1605-1613. doi: 10.1002/pd.6453. Epub 2023 Nov 17.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine simple prenatal imaging parameters that can easily be acquired to predict the need for postnatal CSF diversion (PCD) surgery in fetuses undergoing open fetal surgery for open spina bifida (OSB).

Methods: All fetuses with OSB that underwent open fetal surgery between June 2017 and June 2021 with available follow-up outcomes were included. Imaging parameters including clivus-supraocciput angle (CSA) on magnetic resonance imaging, transcerebellar diameter (TCD) and lateral ventricle size (Vp) on ultrasound (US), were collected pre- and postoperatively. The requirement for PCD surgery was determined at 1 year of age. The predictive strength of each parameter was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis.

Results: Among 36 babies eligible for the analyses, 41.7% required PCD by one year of age. Pre-operative Vp (AUC 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.88; p = 0.03), TCD (AUC 0.72; 95% CI 0.55-0.89; p = 0.02) and CSA (AUC 0.72; 95% CI 0.51-0.93; p = 0.04) were fair predictors for PCD surgery. After fetal surgery, TCD (AUC 0.93; 95% CI 0.83-1.00; p < 0.0001) and CSA (AUC 0.94; 95% CI 0.83-1.00; p = 0.0005) were outstanding predictors of PCD, whereas post-operative Vp was a fair predictor (AUC 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.88, p = 0.03).

Conclusion: Post-operative CSA and TCD were outstanding predictors for the need for PCD surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Fetus
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Care
  • Spina Bifida Cystica* / diagnostic imaging
  • Spina Bifida Cystica* / surgery
  • Spinal Dysraphism* / diagnostic imaging
  • Spinal Dysraphism* / surgery
  • Ultrasonography, Prenatal