Objective: To analyze association of visual, hearing, mental/intellectual, physical and multiple impairments with health conditions and health risk behaviors in Brazil.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; associations between impairments and presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), high cholesterol, alcohol abuse and smoking were estimated using logistic regression, thus obtaining the odds ratios (OR).
Results: Impairment was reported by 7.6% of the 90,846 participants. Having a impairment was associated with greater odds of reporting chronic conditions, especially CVD (OR = 2.11; 95%CI 1.76;2.54) and DM (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.56;2.02 ); visual impairment was associated with greater odds of smoking (OR = 1.52; 95%CI 1.28;1.81); mental/intellectual impairment was inversely related to smoking (OR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.30;0.67) and alcohol abuse (OR = 0.13; 95%CI 0.06;0.26).
Conclusion: Having any of the impairments studied may be associated with greater odds of having chronic health conditions.
Main results: Positive association was identified between having one or more impairments, and health conditions and health risk behaviors. The higher the prevalence of mental/intellectual, physical and multiple impairments, the lower alcohol abuse and smoking.
Implications for services: As this population is vulnerable to chronic health conditions, health services need strategies to reduce barriers to access, as well as health promotion actions, such as health education, adapted for people with impairments.
Perspectives: Topics for future studies, examining the inverse relationship between impairments and alcohol abuse and smoking, in addition to acting on the causal chain, so as to prevent health conditions and health risk behaviors.
Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre discapacidad visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física y discapacidad múltiple con condiciones y conductas de riesgo para la salud en Brasil.
Métodos: Estudio transversal utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2019; se estimaron, mediante regresión logística, las asociaciones entre discapacidad con la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), hipertensión, diabetes, colesterol alto, consumo de alcohol y tabaquismo, obtención del odds ratio (OR).
Resultados: De los 90.846 participantes, el 7,6% refirió discapacidad. Tener una discapacidad se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de reportar enfermedades crónicas, especialmente ECV (OR = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) y diabetes (OR = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); la discapacidad visual se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de fumar (OR = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); la discapacidad mental/intelectual mostró una relación inversa con el tabaquismo (OR = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) y el consumo de alcohol (OR = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26).
Conclusión: Se observó que tener alguna de las discapacidades estudiadas puede estar asociado con mayores posibilidades de tener condiciones crónicas de salud.
Objetivo: Analisar a associação de deficiências visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física e deficiência múltipla com as condições e comportamentos de risco à saúde no Brasil.
Métodos: Estudo transversal, utilizando-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019; associações entre deficiências e presença de doença cardiovascular (DCV), hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus (DM), colesterol alto, consumo abusivo de álcool e tabagismo foram estimados por regressão logística, obtendo-se a razão de chances (RC).
Resultados: Dos 90.846 participantes, 7,6% reportaram deficiência. Ter deficiência associou-se a maiores chances de relatar condições crônicas, especialmente DCV (RC = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) e DM (RC = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); deficiência visual associou-se a maior chance de tabagismo (RC = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); deficiência mental/intelectual apresentou relação inversa com tabagismo (RC = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) e consumo abusivo de álcool (RC = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26).
Conclusão: Apresentar alguma das deficiências estudadas pode-se associar a maiores chances de ter condições crônicas de saúde.