A cross-sectional historical study on the changes in self-esteem among Chinese adolescents from 1996 to 2019

Min Li; Qinghong Xu; Xiangwei Han; Yongzhi Jiang; Ru Ya; Jie Li

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1280041

A cross-sectional historical study on the changes in self-esteem among Chinese adolescents from 1996 to 2019

Front Psychol. 2023 Dec 1:14:1280041. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1280041. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Min Li^{1

2

3

4}, Qinghong Xu^{1

5}, Xiangwei Han², Yongzhi Jiang^{2

3

4}, Ru Ya^{1

6}, Jie Li¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China.
² School of Education, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China.
³ Inner Mongolia Ethnic Education and Psychological Development Research Base, Tongliao, China.
⁴ Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Student Bullying Prevention and Control Research Center, Tongliao, China.
⁵ School of Foreign Languages, Yulin University, Yulin, China.
⁶ School of Education, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, China.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the changes in self-esteem levels among Chinese adolescents from 1996 to 2019. In this cross-sectional historical study, 109 articles using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) were selected from three Chinese and five English databases. The results showed that: (1) The self-esteem level of Chinese adolescents was positively correlated with the period, indicating that the self-esteem of Chinese adolescents was gradually increasing. (2) The increase in self-esteem level of girls was higher than that of boys. (3) The increase in the self-esteem level of only child was higher than that of non-only child. (4) The self-esteem level of rural adolescents increased year by year. However, the self-esteem level of urban adolescents was not significantly correlated with the years. (5) The changes in macro social factors can significantly predict the upward trend of the self-esteem level of Chinese adolescents.

Keywords: SES; cross-sectional historical studies; meta-analysis; self-esteem; teens.

Publication types

Systematic Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The present research was support by the “Grassland Talent Project” of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (KYCYYC23003).