Objective: To explore the relationship between the duration of TV screen exposure and mental illnesses in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods: The study was based on a cohort of 500 000 participants from UK Biobank. A prospective cohort of participants with TV screen exposure was established based on the exposure factor of the participants' daily TV watching time. The outcome was defined as psychological problem-related outcomes. The follow-up period extended from the time of baseline assessment of the participants to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of suicide attempts and mental illnesses in the population covered by the study.
Results: A total of 410 946 participants were followed up for an average of 10.8 years and 33 071 of them experienced an outcome events. Compared with the group of participants who had 0-1 h of daily TV time, the group of participants who watched TV for more than 5 h per day had an HR of 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-1.44). In stratified analysis, we found that, compared with individuals aged 45 years and over, individuals who were 38-44 years old were at a higher risk of developing mental illness when they watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.15). Long periods of outdoor activities reduced the risk of mental illness for individuals who watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.16-1.37). Having less than 5 hours of sleep increased the mental health risks of individuals who watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.34-1.81) and when sleep duration increased, TV watching showed decreased impact on mental health risks (>5 h HR dropped from 1.56 to 1.19).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TV viewing for long periods of time increases the risk of mental illness. Increaseing outdoor activity time and sleep time reduces the negative impact of watching TV on mental health.
目的: 探究中老年人电视屏幕暴露时长与心理疾病的关系。
方法: 本研究基于UK生物样本库50万人群队列 ，以每天观看电视时间为暴露因素，建立电视屏幕暴露的前瞻性队列，结局为心理问题相关结局，随访时间为参与者基线评估时间至2019年12月31日。采用Cox比例风险模型，在纳入人群中计算了不同组间自杀企图及患心理疾病的风险比。
结果: 共随访410 946人，平均随访时间为10.8年，其中33 071人发生结局事件。与每天看电视时间0～1 h组相比，每天看电视时间大于5 h组的风险比（HR）为1.37〔95%置信区间（CI）：1.31～1.44〕；分层分析中，与年龄≥45岁的个体相比，38～44岁的个体长时间看电视患心理疾病的风险更高（>5 h HR 1.83，95%CI： 1.55～2.15）；长时间户外活动会降低看电视时间长的个体患心理疾病的风险（>5 h HR 1.26，95%CI：1.16～1.37）；睡眠小于5 h会增加看电视时间长的个体的心理健康风险（>5 h HR 1.56，95%CI ：1.34～1.81），且随着睡眠时长的增加，看电视对个体心理健康的影响下降（>5 h HR从1.56降到1.19）。
结论: 长时间看电视增加患心理疾病的风险，户外时间和睡眠时间增加会削弱看电视对心理健康的负面影响。
Keywords: Mental disorders; Mental health; Outdoor activities; Sleep; Television screen exposure.
© 2023《四川大学学报（医学版）》编辑部 版权所有Copyright ©2023 Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).