Perioperative hemostasis management in patients with von Willebrand disease: an institutional experience

Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2024 Mar 1;35(2):49-55. doi: 10.1097/MBC.0000000000001273. Epub 2023 Dec 20.

Abstract

Objectives: Patients with von Willebrand disease (vWD) undergoing surgery are routinely treated with von Willebrand factor (vWF)/factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate to control bleeding risk, but consensus is lacking on optimal dosing. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tailored doses of vWF/FVIII concentrate according to intervention-associated bleeding risk in vWD patients undergoing surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of vWD patients who underwent surgical procedures at a haemophilia centre. Patients received vWF/FVIII concentrate with dosage and duration of treatment dependent on intervention type (dental, gynaecological, abdominal or orthopaedic/traumatic) and bleeding risk (moderate/high).

Results: Eighty-three surgical procedures (42 patients) were included. Median preoperative loading doses of vWF/FVIII concentrate were 29.9 IU/kg and 35.7 IU/kg for interventions with moderate ( n = 16) or high ( n = 67) bleeding risk, respectively. The median perioperative dose was highest in orthopaedic or trauma-related surgery (140 IU/kg) and lowest in dental or gynaecological interventions (76.4 IU/kg and 80.0 IU/kg, respectively). During follow-up, no bleeding or other complications were observed in 95% of patients.

Conclusions: Individually tailored doses of vWF/FVIII concentrate according to intervention-associated bleeding risk were effective in preventing postoperative bleeding, with few complications observed. These doses may be used as guidance in routine clinical care.

MeSH terms

  • Factor VIII / therapeutic use
  • Hemostasis
  • Hemostatics* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Postoperative Hemorrhage / drug therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • von Willebrand Diseases* / complications
  • von Willebrand Diseases* / drug therapy
  • von Willebrand Diseases* / surgery
  • von Willebrand Factor / therapeutic use

Substances

  • von Willebrand Factor
  • Factor VIII
  • Hemostatics