A study was conducted on rural women of childbearing age aged 20-49 who underwent the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project (NFPHEP)in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2019. Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine the negative rate of IgG antibodies against the rubella virus and its differences among various socio-demographic characteristics. Among the 1 511 203 study subjects, the negative rate of IgG antibodies against the rubella virus was 24.36%. Only 2.64% of the population had received rubella virus vaccine. The negative rate of IgG antibodies among rural childbearing-age women in the preconception period in Yunnan Province decreased with age and educational level (Ptrend<0.001). The negative rate of IgG antibodies in ethnic minority women of childbearing age in the preconception period (25.19%) was higher than that of Han women (23.88%). Among the 22 ethnic groups with over 1 000 participants, the negative rates of IgG antibodies in women of childbearing age from the Blang (32.85%), Bouyei (31.03%), Zhuang (31.01%), and Miao (30.70%) ethnic groups were higher than those of women from other ethnic groups. Among the 16 states (cities) in Yunnan Province, the negative rate of IgG antibodies in pregnant women of childbearing age in Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (38.06%) and Lincang City (32.63%) was higher than that in other states (cities). The negative rate of serum IgG antibodies in women who reported having received rubella virus vaccine (18.60%) was lower than that in other non-vaccinated populations (24.52%). The proportion of rural women of childbearing age in Yunnan Province who were susceptible to the rubella virus before pregnancy was still high. It is necessary to promote rubella vaccination among people susceptible to rubella, especially pregnant women, to prevent rubella virus infection and reduce the incidence rate and disease burden of rubella people.
以2013—2019年云南省接受国家免费孕前优生健康检查的20~49岁农村育龄妇女为研究对象，描述及分析云南省不同人口学特征人群孕前风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率及其差异。在纳入的1 511 203名研究对象中，风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率为24.36%，仅有2.64%人群自我报告曾接种过风疹病毒疫苗。云南省农村育龄妇女孕前风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率随年龄的增加、文化程度的升高而降低（均P趋势<0.001）。少数民族育龄妇女孕前风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率（25.19%）高于汉族（23.88%）。在参检人数超过1 000名的22个民族中，布朗族（32.85%）、布依族（31.03%）、壮族（31.01%）和苗族（30.70%）育龄妇女风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率高于其他民族。在云南省16个州（市）中，文山壮族苗族自治州（38.06%）和临沧市（32.63%）育龄妇女孕前风疹IgG抗体阴性率高于其他地区。自我报告曾接种风疹病毒疫苗的妇女血清风疹病毒IgG抗体阴性率（18.60%）低于其他未接种疫苗的人群（24.52%）。云南省农村育龄妇女孕前风疹病毒易感人群占比仍然很高。应促进风疹易感人群，尤其是计划怀孕的妇女的风疹疫苗接种以防止风疹病毒感染、降低风疹人群发病率和疾病负担。.