Prevalent vs Incident Screen: Why Does It Matter?

J Breast Imaging. 2024 May 27;6(3):232-237. doi: 10.1093/jbi/wbad096.

Abstract

There are important differences in the performance and outcomes of breast cancer screening in the prevalent compared to the incident screening rounds. The prevalent screen is the first screening examination using a particular imaging technique and identifies pre-existing, undiagnosed cancers in the population. The incident screen is any subsequent screening examination using that technique. It is expected to identify fewer cancers than the prevalent screen because it captures only those cancers that have become detectable since the prior screening examination. The higher cancer detection rate at prevalent relative to incident screening should be taken into account when analyzing the medical audit and effectiveness of new screening technologies.

Keywords: breast cancer; incidence; mammography; prevalence.

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Breast Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Early Detection of Cancer* / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Mammography* / methods
  • Mammography* / statistics & numerical data
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Prevalence