Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension

Clin Perinatol. 2024 Mar;51(1):95-111. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2023.11.001. Epub 2023 Nov 29.

Abstract

Pivotal trials investigating the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the 1990s led to approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 1999. Inhaled nitric oxide is the only approved pulmonary vasodilator for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Selective pulmonary vasodilation with iNO in near-term and term neonates with PPHN is safe, and targeted use of iNO in less mature neonates with pulmonary hypertension (PH) can be beneficial. This review addresses a brief history of iNO, clinical features of neonatal PH, and the clinical application of iNO.

Keywords: Hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF); Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO); Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN).

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / drug therapy
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Lung
  • Nitric Oxide / therapeutic use
  • Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Nitric Oxide