Hospital care in the first 10 years of life of children with congenital anomalies in six European countries: data from the EUROlinkCAT cohort linkage study

Arch Dis Child. 2024 Apr 18;109(5):402-408. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326557.

Abstract

Objective: To quantify the hospital care for children born with a major congenital anomaly up to 10 years of age compared with children without a congenital anomaly.

Design, setting and patients: 79 591 children with congenital anomalies and 2 021 772 children without congenital anomalies born 1995-2014 in six European countries in seven regions covered by congenital anomaly registries were linked to inpatient electronic health records up to their 10th birthday.

Main outcome measures: Number of days in hospital and number of surgeries.

Results: During the first year of life among the seven regions, a median of 2.4% (IQR: 2.3, 3.2) of children with a congenital anomaly accounted for 18% (14, 24) of days in hospital and 63% (62, 76) of surgeries. Over the first 10 years of life, the percentages were 17% (15, 20) of days in hospital and 20% (19, 22) of surgeries. Children with congenital anomalies spent 8.8 (7.5, 9.9) times longer in hospital during their first year of life than children without anomalies (18 days compared with 2 days) and 5 (4.1-6.1) times longer aged, 5-9 (0.5 vs 0.1 days). In the first year of life, children with gastrointestinal anomalies spent 40 times longer and those with severe heart anomalies 20 times longer in hospital reducing to over 5 times longer when aged 5-9.

Conclusions: Children with a congenital anomaly consume a significant proportion of hospital care resources. Priority should be given to public health primary prevention measures to reduce the risk of congenital anomalies.

Keywords: Child Health Services; Health services research.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cohort Studies
  • Congenital Abnormalities* / epidemiology
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / epidemiology
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Parturition
  • Pregnancy
  • Registries