Innovations in the Isolation and Treatment of Biofilms in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Comprehensive Review of Current and Emerging Therapies in Bone and Joint Infection Management

Orthop Clin North Am. 2024 Apr;55(2):171-180. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2023.10.002. Epub 2023 Nov 1.

Abstract

Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a devastating complication of joint arthroplasty surgeries that are often complicated by biofilm formation. The development of biofilms makes PJI treatment challenging as they create a barrier against antibiotics and host immune responses. This review article provides an overview of the current understanding of biofilm formation, factors that contribute to their production, and the most common organisms involved in this process. This article focuses on the identification of biofilms, as well as current methodologies and emerging therapies in the management of biofilms in PJI.

Keywords: Biofilm; Management; Periprosthetic joint infection; Review.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Arthritis, Infectious* / etiology
  • Arthritis, Infectious* / therapy
  • Arthroplasty
  • Biofilms
  • Humans
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents