Clinical characteristics and risk factors for neonatal bloodstream infection due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A single-centre Chinese retrospective study

J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2024 Jun:37:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.02.004. Epub 2024 Feb 25.

Abstract

Objectives: To analyse the clinical characteristics and risk factors for bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in neonates.

Methods: This single-centre, retrospective study included all patients with BSIs admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit between 1 January 2015 and 30 April 2022. The clinical and microbiological data of patients were collected; predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with CRE BSIs were also identified in this study.

Results: Among the 224 neonates with Enterobacteriaceae BSIs, 39.29% (88/224) of the patients developed CRE BSIs. The 30-day mortality rate reached up to 21.59% (19/88). The Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score > 2 (odds ratio [OR] and 95% credibility interval [CI]: 3.852 [1.111-13.356], P < 0.05), prior to more than two kinds of antibiotics use (OR and 95% CI: 9.433 [1.562-56.973], P < 0.05), pneumonia (OR and 95% CI: 3.847 [1.133-13.061], P < 0.05), and caesarean section (OR and 95% CI: 2.678 [1.225-5.857], P < 0.05) were independent risk factors associated with CRE BSIs. Moreover, the risk factors for mortality in neonates with CRE BSIs were significantly associated with neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score > 6 (OR and 95% CI: 16.335 [1.446-184.517], P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Prior to more than two kinds of antibiotics use, Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score > 2, pneumonia and caesarean section were independent risk factors for CRE BSIs. The Neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score > 6 was a risk factor for mortality associated with CRE BSIs.

Keywords: Bloodstream infection; Carbapenems; Drug resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Neonatal; Risk factors.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Bacteremia / microbiology
  • Bacteremia / mortality
  • Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae* / drug effects
  • Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae* / isolation & purification
  • Carbapenems / pharmacology
  • China / epidemiology
  • East Asian People
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections* / microbiology
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections* / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intensive Care Units, Neonatal*
  • Male
  • Neonatal Sepsis / microbiology
  • Neonatal Sepsis / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Carbapenems