The effectiveness of visualising plaque on cardiac computed tomography in modifying risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A systematic review

J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2024 May-Jun;18(3):223-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jcct.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Mar 11.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disease burden worldwide, with a significant proportion of cases and deaths attributable to modifiable risk factors. Recent interest has emerged in using cardiac computed tomography (CT) imaging as a tool to enhance motivation and drive positive behavioural changes. However, the impact of providing visual feedback of plaque from CT on risk factor control and individual health behaviours remains understudied. This study aimed to assess the effects of visual feedback from cardiac CT imaging on health-related behaviours and risk factor control. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, yielding nine studies (five randomised controlled trials and four observational studies) for analysis. The results varied, but based on the limited low-quality data, CT imaging appears to have short-term favourable effects on cholesterol levels and systolic blood pressure reductions, and positive dietary behavioural changes. Further research is warranted to better understand the long-term impact of cardiac CT imaging on health behaviours and risk factor modification.

Keywords: Computed tomography; Coronary artery calcium; Plaque visualisation; Risk factor modification.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Computed Tomography Angiography
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Diet, Healthy
  • Female
  • Health Behavior
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic*
  • Predictive Value of Tests*
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior