Prevalence and risk factors of poor subjective sleep quality in elite judo athletes

Takafumi Monma; Takashi Matsui; Kosei Inoue; Katsuyuki Masuchi; Takashi Okada; Masahiro Tamura; Takanori Ishii; Makoto Satoh; Kumpei Tokuyama; Fumi Takeda

doi:10.1007/s41105-023-00444-6

Prevalence and risk factors of poor subjective sleep quality in elite judo athletes

Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2023 Jan 13;21(3):289-297. doi: 10.1007/s41105-023-00444-6. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Authors

Takafumi Monma¹, Takashi Matsui^{1

2}, Kosei Inoue^{2

3}, Katsuyuki Masuchi^{1

2}, Takashi Okada^{2

4}, Masahiro Tamura^{2

5}, Takanori Ishii^{2

6}, Makoto Satoh⁷, Kumpei Tokuyama⁸, Fumi Takeda¹

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki 305-8577 Japan.
² All Japan Judo Federation, 1-16-30 Kasuga, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-0003 Japan.
³ Department of Physical Education, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-Shi, Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan.
⁴ Faculty of Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, 7-1-1 Fukasawa, Setagaya-Ku, Tokyo, 158-8508 Japan.
⁵ Center for Fundamental Education, Teikyo University of Science, 2-2-1 Senjusakuragi, Adachi-Ku, Tokyo, 120-0045 Japan.
⁶ Center of Liberal Arts Education, Ryotokuji University, 5-8-1 Akemi, Urayasu-Shi, Chiba 279-8567 Japan.
⁷ Moriya Snore and Apnea Center, 980-1, Tatezawa, Moriya-Shi, Ibaraki 302-0118 Japan.
⁸ International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan.

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of poor subjective sleep quality in elite judo athletes. A subjective cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with 106 elite judo athletes who participated in the training camp of the Japanese national team. Eighty-six respondents (men: 52.3%; average age: 22.9 ± 3.1 years) with complete responses were included in the analysis (valid response rate: 81.1%). Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI score ≥ 5.5), the mean PSQI score, and subscale scores were investigated. Relationships between poor sleep quality and attributes, lifestyle habits, competition-based activities, and psychological distress were explored using Fisher's exact tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Thirty-five respondents (40.7%) reported poor sleep quality. The percentage and subscale scores of the respondents for sleep latency, sleep duration, and daytime dysfunction were higher than those of the population of Japanese national-level athletes. The mean PSQI score of the respondents was similar to that of some elite athlete populations but higher than those of others. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that psychological distress was associated with poor sleep quality. In conclusion, the prevalence of poor subjective sleep quality in elite judo athletes was suggested to be similar or higher among elite athlete population. Sleep latency, sleep duration, and daytime dysfunction status were worse in elite judo athletes than in Japanese national-level athletes. Psychological distress was a risk factor for poor subjective sleep quality in elite judo athletes.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-023-00444-6.

Keywords: Determinants; Judokas; Mental health; Sleep disturbances.

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