A rare clinical presentation of COVID 19: opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome

J Infect Dev Ctries. 2024 Feb 29;18(2):188-194. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17927.

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can have symptoms like many neurological diseases, and one of the rare forms of these presentations is opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS). The pathogenesis of OMAS in adults has not been clearly elucidated and OMAS can be fatal.

Case presentation: We present a 71-year-old male patient who was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of involuntary tremor-like movements in his hands, feet and mouth, and speech impediment for three days, and was followed up with COVID-19. The patient was diagnosed with OMAS and clonazepam treatment was started. He died three days later due to respiratory arrest. Our case is the first case diagnosed with COVID-19-associated OMAS in Turkey.

Discussion: OMAS has no definitive treatment. Early diagnosis and initiation of corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, if necessary, can be life-saving. In COVID-19 patients with unexplained clinical findings, awareness of different and rare diseases and a multidisciplinary approach has vital importance.

Keywords: COVID-19; IVIG; corticosteroids; intravenous immunoglobulin; opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Ataxia / complications
  • COVID-19* / complications
  • COVID-19* / diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Ocular Motility Disorders* / complications
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome* / drug therapy
  • Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome* / etiology

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous