Immunization with V987H-stabilized Spike glycoprotein protects K18-hACE2 mice and golden Syrian hamsters upon SARS-CoV-2 infection

Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 21;15(1):2349. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46714-w.

Abstract

Safe and effective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are crucial to fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Most vaccines are based on a mutated version of the Spike glycoprotein [K986P/V987P (S-2P)] with improved stability, yield and immunogenicity. However, S-2P is still produced at low levels. Here, we describe the V987H mutation that increases by two-fold the production of the recombinant Spike and the exposure of the receptor binding domain (RBD). S-V987H immunogenicity is similar to S-2P in mice and golden Syrian hamsters (GSH), and superior to a monomeric RBD. S-V987H immunization confer full protection against severe disease in K18-hACE2 mice and GSH upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge (D614G or B.1.351 variants). Furthermore, S-V987H immunized K18-hACE2 mice show a faster tissue viral clearance than RBD- or S-2P-vaccinated animals challenged with D614G, B.1.351 or Omicron BQ1.1 variants. Thus, S-V987H protein might be considered for future SARS-CoV-2 vaccines development.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Cricetinae
  • Glycoproteins
  • Humans
  • Immunization
  • Melphalan*
  • Mesocricetus
  • Mice
  • SARS-CoV-2*
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / genetics
  • gamma-Globulins*

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • K-18 conjugate
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Glycoproteins
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • gamma-Globulins
  • Melphalan

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants