Transcriptome analysis reveals limited toxic effects of the UV-filter benzophenone-3 (BP-3) on the hermatypic coral Acropora tenuis and its symbiotic dinoflagellates

Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Apr:201:116260. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116260. Epub 2024 Mar 23.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the toxic and transcriptomic effects of the ultraviolet filter benzophenone-3 (BP-3) on Acropora tenuis and its symbiotic dinoflagellates while using acetone as a solvent. Seven-day exposure to 50 and 500 μg/L, which is higher than most BP-3 records from coastal waters, did not affect coral colour or dinoflagellate photosynthesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between seawater and solvent controls were <20 in both corals and dinoflagellates. Eleven coral DEGs were detected after treatment with 50 μg/L BP-3. Fourteen coral DEGs, including several fluorescent protein genes, were detected after treatment with 500 μg/L BP-3. In contrast, no dinoflagellate DEGs were detected in the BP-3 treatment group. These results suggest that the effects of 50-500 μg/L BP-3 on adult A. tenuis and its dinoflagellates are limited. Our experimental methods with lower acetone toxicity provide a basis for establishing standard ecotoxicity tests for corals.

Keywords: Acropora; Benzophenone-3; Differentially expressed gene; Ecotoxicity assessment; Symbiotic dinoflagellates.

MeSH terms

  • Acetone / metabolism
  • Acetone / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Anthozoa*
  • Benzophenones*
  • Coral Reefs
  • Dinoflagellida* / genetics
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Solvents
  • Symbiosis
  • Transcriptome

Substances

  • oxybenzone
  • Acetone
  • Solvents
  • Benzophenones