A retrospective analysis on seroprevalence of acute viral hepatitis observed among dengue patients attending a tertiary care centre in central India

Indian J Med Microbiol. 2024 May-Jun:49:100572. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100572. Epub 2024 Mar 29.

Abstract

Purpose: The present study was conducted retrospectively to assess the frequency of acute viral hepatitis among the clinically suspected dengue cases presented at our tertiary care centre during 2021.

Methods: To determine the presence of acute viral hepatitis; Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections, 104 specimens were selected from the dengue-suspected clinical specimens received during 2021 on the basis of acute viral hepatitis symptoms. Following this, serological diagnosis was performed on those samples using anti-HAV IgM and anti-HEV IgM ELISA kits.

Results: Based on sero-positivity for IgM antibodies, 3 (5.3%) dengue virus (DENV) seropositive samples were positive for both HAV and HEV, while among DENV seronegative cases, 11 (22.91%) samples were positive for HEV and 1 (2.08%) sample was positive for HAV, pointing towards misdiagnosis due to overlapping symptoms. Additionally, co-infection of HAV & HEV in 1 sample was also observed in this study.

Conclusions: This study revealed the presence of acute hepatitis infections among the dengue cases during monsoon and post-monsoon season. Overlapping of the clinical manifestations of these diseases can create misdiagnosis incidences raising risk for underreporting of the true cases of acute viral hepatitis infection. Dengue-suspected patients with selected symptoms during the monsoon and post-monsoon season should additionally be screened for acute hepatitis infections, as suggested in this study.

Keywords: Acute viral hepatitis; Dengue; Hepatitis A and hepatitis E; Misdiagnosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Coinfection / epidemiology
  • Coinfection / virology
  • Dengue Virus / immunology
  • Dengue* / epidemiology
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Hepatitis A / blood
  • Hepatitis A / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis E / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis E virus / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin M* / blood
  • India / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Tertiary Care Centers* / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin M