Cryo-EM structure of the Slo1 potassium channel with the auxiliary γ1 subunit suggests a mechanism for depolarization-independent activation

FEBS Lett. 2024 Apr;598(8):875-888. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.14863. Epub 2024 Mar 30.

Abstract

Mammalian Ca2+-dependent Slo K+ channels can stably associate with auxiliary γ subunits which fundamentally alter their behavior. By a so far unknown mechanism, the four γ subunits reduce the need for voltage-dependent activation and, thereby, allow Slo to open independently of an action potential. Here, using cryo-EM, we reveal how the transmembrane helix of γ1/LRRC26 binds and presumably stabilizes the activated voltage-sensor domain of Slo1. The activation is further enhanced by an intracellular polybasic stretch which locally changes the charge gradient across the membrane. Our data provide a possible explanation for Slo1 regulation by the four γ subunits and also their different activation efficiencies. This suggests a novel activation mechanism of voltage-gated ion channels by auxiliary subunits.

Keywords: BK channel; Potassium channel; auxiliary subunit; calcium sensing; maxiK; voltage gating.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Ion Channel Gating
  • Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits* / chemistry
  • Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits* / genetics
  • Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits* / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Domains
  • Protein Subunits* / chemistry
  • Protein Subunits* / metabolism

Substances

  • Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits
  • Protein Subunits
  • KCNMA1 protein, human