Cost-effectiveness of romosozumab for the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Belgium

Osteoporos Int. 2024 Jul;35(7):1173-1183. doi: 10.1007/s00198-024-07043-2. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Abstract

This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of sequential treatment with romosozumab-to-alendronate compared to alendronate monotherapy and teriparatide-to-alendronate, in postmenopausal osteoporotic women from a Belgian healthcare perspective. Romosozumab-to-alendronate was found to be cost-effective compared to alendronate monotherapy and dominant compared to teriparatide-to-alendronate for osteoporotic women at high risk of fracture in Belgium.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of sequential treatment with romosozumab followed by alendronate compared to alendronate monotherapy and teriparatide followed by alendronate, in postmenopausal osteoporotic women at high risk of fracture, from a Belgian healthcare perspective. Romosozumab is reimbursed in Belgium since December 2021.

Methods: A Markov microsimulation model was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of romosozumab-to-alendronate compared to alendronate monotherapy and to teriparatide-to-alendronate over a lifetime horizon. Patients transition between five different health states every 6 months based on fracture risks or death. The model was populated with Belgium-specific epidemiological and cost data, where available. The fracture risk reduction of romosozumab treatment was collated from the ARCH study, and from a published network meta-analysis. Costs were included from a healthcare perspective (NIHDI). Cost-effectiveness was reported in terms of costs per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), reported in Euro (€) 2022. Deterministic (DSA) and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed.

Results: Romosozumab-to-alendronate was associated with 0.12 additional QALYs at an additional cost of €2314 compared to alendronate monotherapy, resulting in an ICER of €19,978. Compared to teriparatide-to-alendronate, romosozumab-to-alendronate was found to be dominant, with higher QALYs and lower costs. The base-case results were robust to uncertainty in the input parameters when conducting the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion: Sequential treatment with romosozumab followed by alendronate was found to be cost-effective compared to alendronate monotherapy and dominant compared to teriparatide followed by alendronate for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Belgium.

Keywords: Cost-effectiveness; Economic evaluation; Imminent fracture risk; Markov-microsimulation model; Osteoporosis; Recent fracture.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alendronate* / administration & dosage
  • Alendronate* / economics
  • Alendronate* / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / economics
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal* / therapeutic use
  • Belgium / epidemiology
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents* / economics
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Costs* / statistics & numerical data
  • Drug Substitution / economics
  • Drug Substitution / statistics & numerical data
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Markov Chains*
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal* / complications
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal* / drug therapy
  • Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal* / economics
  • Osteoporotic Fractures* / economics
  • Osteoporotic Fractures* / epidemiology
  • Osteoporotic Fractures* / prevention & control
  • Quality-Adjusted Life Years*
  • Teriparatide* / administration & dosage
  • Teriparatide* / economics
  • Teriparatide* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • romosozumab
  • Alendronate
  • Teriparatide
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal