Tumor associated microglia/macrophages utilize GPNMB to promote tumor growth and alter immune cell infiltration in glioma

Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2024 Apr 2;12(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s40478-024-01754-7.

Abstract

Tumor-associated microglia and blood-derived macrophages (TAMs) play a central role in modulating the immune suppressive microenvironment in glioma. Here, we show that GPNMB is predominantly expressed by TAMs in human glioblastoma multiforme and the murine RCAS-PDGFb high grade glioma model. Loss of GPNMB in the in vivo tumor microenvironment results in significantly smaller tumor volumes and generates a pro-inflammatory innate and adaptive immune cell microenvironment. The impact of host-derived GPNMB on tumor growth was confirmed in two distinct murine glioma cell lines in organotypic brain slices from GPNMB-KO and control mice. Using published data bases of human glioma, the elevated levels in TAMs could be confirmed and the GPNMB expression correlated with a poorer survival.

Keywords: CD44; Experimental glioma; GPNMB; Glioblastoma; Macrophage; Microglia; Mouse; RCAS.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Glioblastoma* / pathology
  • Glioma* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Microglia / metabolism
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Substances

  • GPNMB protein, human
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Gpnmb protein, mouse