Practical guide: Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus

World J Diabetes. 2024 Mar 15;15(3):331-347. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.331.

Abstract

In 2005, exenatide became the first approved glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since then, numerous GLP-1 RAs have been approved, including tirzepatide, a novel dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RA, which was approved in 2022. This class of drugs is considered safe with no hypoglycemia risk, making it a common second-line choice after metformin for treating T2DM. Various considerations can make selecting and switching between different GLP-1 RAs challenging. Our study aims to provide a comprehensive guide for the usage of GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RAs for the management of T2DM.

Keywords: Clinical practice; Diabetes mellitus; Dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; Endocrinology; Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; Metabolic syndrome.

Publication types

  • Review