The seroprevalence and risk factors for exposure to Neospora caninum and Neospora hughesi in Ontario broodmares

Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2024 May:50:101002. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101002. Epub 2024 Feb 21.

Abstract

The seroprevalence and risk factors for exposure to Neospora caninum and Neospora hughesi in broodmares in Ontario were investigated. Sixty of the 219 (27.4%) study broodmares were seropositive for N. caninum and 65/219 (29.7%) for N. hughesi with cut-offs of ≥1:40 and ≥1:160, respectively. Thirty-one of 63 participating farms (49.2%) had at least 1 broodmare seropositive for N. caninum. Thirty-three of the 63 (52.4%) participating farms had at least 1 broodmare positive for N. hughesi. Risk factors for N. caninum included presence of farm dogs (OR = 6.70; 95% CI = 2.14-20.97; p = 0.001), and high stocking density (OR = 2.83; 95% CI = 1.27-6.30; p = 0.011). Presence of livestock, excluding cattle, was associated with reduced risk of exposure (OR = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.06-0.53; p = 0.002). The only risk factor for exposure to N. hughesi was feeding hay on the ground in the paddock (OR = 4.31; 95% CI = 1.65-11.22; p = 0.003). This study demonstrated widespread exposure to Neospora spp. in broodmares in Ontario.

Keywords: Broodmares; Equine; Neospora; Neospora caninum; Neospora hughesi; Risk factors; Seroprevalence.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Protozoan / blood
  • Coccidiosis* / epidemiology
  • Coccidiosis* / parasitology
  • Coccidiosis* / veterinary
  • Dog Diseases / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases / parasitology
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Male
  • Neospora* / immunology
  • Neospora* / isolation & purification
  • Ontario / epidemiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Substances

  • Antibodies, Protozoan