An injectable, chitosan-based hydrogel prepared by Schiff base reaction for anti-bacterial and sustained release applications

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jun;269(Pt 1):131808. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131808. Epub 2024 Apr 30.

Abstract

Injectable hydrogels, providing sustained release as implanted materials, have received tremendous attention. In this study, chitosan-based hydrogels were prepared via Schiff base reaction of the aldehyde groups on Poly(NIPAM-co-FBEMA) and the amine groups on chitosan. Owing to the dynamic covalent linkage, the SC/PNF hydrogels exhibit pH-responsive, reversible sol-gel transition, injectable, and self-healing capacity. The mechanical strength of SC/PNF hydrogels can be operated simply by switching the composition or solid content of Poly(NIPAM-co-FBEMA) copolymers. Rheological analyses, including frequency sweeps, strain sweep scanning, and dynamic time sweeps, were employed to demonstrate the relationship between storage modulus (G'), loss modulus (G″), and composition of the SC/PNF hydrogels. In vitro release behaviors reveal that vancomycin-loaded SC/PNF hydrogel could contribute to both the initial burst release (over 1000 ppm within 4 h) and the sustained release (3000 ppm for at least 30 days). Pristine SC/PNF hydrogel holds good biocompatibility toward L929 cells and S. aureus that it degrades as incubated with S. aureus. However, vancomycin-wrapped SC/PNF hydrogel possesses a rapid bacterial-killing effect with a clear inhibition zone. In short, the SC/PNF hydrogels deliver not only sustainable release ability but also tunable physical properties, which are expected to be an outstanding candidate for non-invasive, anti-infection applications.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Chitosan; Hydrogel; Schiff base reaction.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
  • Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Chitosan* / chemistry
  • Delayed-Action Preparations* / pharmacology
  • Drug Carriers / chemistry
  • Drug Liberation
  • Hydrogels* / chemistry
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Injections
  • Mice
  • Rheology
  • Schiff Bases* / chemistry
  • Staphylococcus aureus* / drug effects
  • Vancomycin / administration & dosage
  • Vancomycin / chemistry
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Chitosan
  • Schiff Bases
  • Hydrogels
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Vancomycin
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Drug Carriers