Evaluation of aesthetic outcomes of mandibular reconstruction using artificial intelligence

Head Neck. 2024 Nov;46(11):2699-2708. doi: 10.1002/hed.27797. Epub 2024 May 3.

Abstract

Background: Although vascularized bone graft (VBG) transfer is the current standard for mandibular reconstruction, reconstruction with a mandibular reconstruction plate (MRP) and with a soft-tissue flap (STF) alone remain crucial options for patients with poor general conditions. However, objective aesthetic outcome evaluations for these methods are limited.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 65 patients (VBG, 33; MRP, 19; and STF, 13), mandibular asymmetry value was calculated for each patient's photograph using facial recognition AI, with a higher value indicating worse asymmetry.

Results: The MRP group had a value comparable to the VBG group regardless of mandibular defect types. The STF group had a significantly higher value than the VBG group.

Conclusions: Regarding cosmesis, STF was inferior to VBG, whereas MRP was comparable to VBG, even for anterior defects for which rigid reconstruction is mandatory. However, MRP's risks of plate-related complications limit its use to cases where VBG is contraindicated or with poor prognosis.

Keywords: aesthetics; artificial intelligence; mandibular reconstruction; mandibular reconstruction plate; outcome assessment; vascularized bone grafts.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Artificial Intelligence*
  • Bone Plates
  • Bone Transplantation / methods
  • Esthetics*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mandible / surgery
  • Mandibular Reconstruction* / methods
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgical Flaps* / blood supply
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult