In a study on the HLA-DR antigens and phenotypes in a series of Dutch coeliac children and their first-degree relatives, the B-cell antigens of 36 unrelated coeliac children, 110 first-degree relatives of 33 of them, and 201 controls were typed with the two-colour fluorescence test. The most frequent antigen was HLA-DR3 (69%), followed by DR7 (36%). The distribution of DR phenotypes showed that the most frequent was DR3/other DR (25%), followed by DR3/DR7 (17%), DR3/DR4 (14%), and DR3/DR3 (14%). However, due to the frequency of certain antigens in the controls, only phenotypes DR3/DR3 (relative risk = 6.2), DR3/DR7 (relative risk = 6.4), and DR3/DR4 (relative risk = 6.2) were significantly associated with CD. The family study confirmed the segregation of the disease with phenotypes DR3/DR3 and DR3/DR7. The present results show that the association between CD and phenotypes DR3/DR3 and DR3/DR7 is not an exclusive characteristic of Southern coeliac children.