Efficacy of live and inactivated recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccines expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in SPF chickens, Broilers, and domestic ducks

Deok-Hwan Kim; Seung-Hun Lee; Jiwon Kim; Jiho Lee; Jei-Hyun Jeong; Ji-Yun Kim; Seung-Un Song; Hyukchae Lee; Andrew Y Cho; Ji-Yeon Hyeon; Sungsu Youk; Chang-Seon Song

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.088

Efficacy of live and inactivated recombinant Newcastle disease virus vaccines expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in SPF chickens, Broilers, and domestic ducks

Vaccine. 2024 Jul 11;42(18):3756-3767. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.088. Epub 2024 May 9.

Authors

Deok-Hwan Kim¹, Seung-Hun Lee², Jiwon Kim², Jiho Lee³, Jei-Hyun Jeong¹, Ji-Yun Kim², Seung-Un Song⁴, Hyukchae Lee², Andrew Y Cho⁴, Ji-Yeon Hyeon⁴, Sungsu Youk⁵, Chang-Seon Song⁶

Affiliations

¹ Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea; KHAV Co., Ltd., 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea.
² KHAV Co., Ltd., 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea.
³ Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
⁴ Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
⁵ Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea; KHAV Co., Ltd., 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 38724417
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.088

Abstract

A Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-vectored vaccine expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 Hemagglutinin was developed and assessed for efficacy against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, broilers, and domestic ducks. In SPF chickens, the live recombinant NDV-vectored vaccine, rK148/22-H5, achieved complete survival against HPAI and NDV challenges and significantly reduced viral shedding. Notably, the live rK148/22-H5 vaccine conferred good clinical protection in broilers despite the presence of maternally derived antibodies. Good clinical protection was observed in domestic ducks, with decreased viral shedding. It demonstrated complete survival and reduced cloacal viral shedding when used as an inactivated vaccine from SPF chickens. The rK148/22-H5 vaccine is potentially a viable and supportive option for biosecurity measure, effectively protecting in chickens against the deadly clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAI and NDV infections. Furthermore, it aligns with the strategy of Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA).

Keywords: Broiler maternally-derived antibodies; Domestic ducks; H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b; High pathogenic avian influenza; Newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antibodies, Viral* / blood
Antibodies, Viral* / immunology
Chickens* / immunology
Ducks* / immunology
Ducks* / virology
Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus* / genetics
Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus* / immunology
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / genetics
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / immunology
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype* / pathogenicity
Influenza Vaccines / administration & dosage
Influenza Vaccines / genetics
Influenza Vaccines / immunology
Influenza in Birds* / immunology
Influenza in Birds* / prevention & control
Newcastle Disease / immunology
Newcastle Disease / prevention & control
Newcastle disease virus* / genetics
Newcastle disease virus* / immunology
Poultry Diseases / immunology
Poultry Diseases / prevention & control
Poultry Diseases / virology
Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
Vaccines, Attenuated / administration & dosage
Vaccines, Attenuated / genetics
Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
Vaccines, Inactivated* / administration & dosage
Vaccines, Inactivated* / immunology
Vaccines, Synthetic* / administration & dosage
Vaccines, Synthetic* / genetics
Vaccines, Synthetic* / immunology
Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
Viral Vaccines / genetics
Viral Vaccines / immunology
Virus Shedding*

Substances

Vaccines, Inactivated
Vaccines, Synthetic
Antibodies, Viral
Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
Influenza Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated
hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus
Viral Vaccines