Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have become popular materials in biomedical and industrial fields due to their potential applications in anti-oxidation, cancer therapy, photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, sensors, etc. Many methods, including gas phase, solid phase, liquid phase, and the newly proposed green synthesis method, have been reported for the synthesis of CeO2 NPs. Due to the wide application of CeO2 NPs, concerns about their adverse impacts on human health have been raised. This review covers recent studies on the biomedical applications of CeO2 NPs, including their use in the treatment of various diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, retinal damage, chronic inflammation, and cancer). CeO2 NP toxicity is discussed in terms of the different systems of the human body (e.g., cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity). This comprehensive review covers both fundamental discoveries and exploratory progress in CeO2 NP research that may lead to practical developments in the future.
二氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO2 NPs）因其在抗氧化、癌症治疗、光催化降解污染物和传感器等方面的潜在应用而成为生物医学和工业领域的热门材料。目前已经报道了气相、固相、液相以及新提出的绿色合成等多种合成CeO2 NPs的方法。随着CeO2 NPs的广泛应用，人们对其可能带来的健康隐患感到担忧。本文综述了近年来CeO2 NPs在生物医学领域的应用研究，包括其对各种疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、缺血性中风、视网膜损伤、慢性炎症和癌症）的治疗，并讨论了CeO2 NPs对人体的不同系统的毒性，如细胞毒性、遗传毒性、呼吸毒性、神经毒性和肝毒性。总之，该综述全面涵盖了CeO2NPs研究的重大发现及其探索性进展，对未来的实践发展具有重要的参考价值。.
二氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO2 NPs）因其在抗氧化、癌症治疗、光催化降解污染物和传感器等方面的潜在应用而成为生物医学和工业领域的热门材料。目前已经报道了气相、固相、液相以及新提出的绿色合成等多种合成CeO2 NPs的方法。随着CeO2 NPs的广泛应用，人们对其可能带来的健康隐患感到担忧。本文综述了近年来CeO2 NPs在生物医学领域的应用研究，包括其对各种疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、缺血性中风、视网膜损伤、慢性炎症和癌症）的治疗，并讨论了CeO2 NPs对人体的不同系统的毒性，如细胞毒性、遗传毒性、呼吸毒性、神经毒性和肝毒性。总之，该综述全面涵盖了CeO2NPs研究的重大发现及其探索性进展，对未来的实践发展具有重要的参考价值。
Keywords: Biomedical application; Ceria nanoparticle; Oxidative stress; Synthetic method; Toxicity.