Impact of change in the Naples prognostic score after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

Saudi Med J. 2024 May;45(5):481-489. doi: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.5.20230908.

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the clinical relevance and prognostic value of changes in the Naples prognostic score (NPS) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACR) among esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.

Methods: We studied 232 locally advanced ESCC patients who received NACR before undergoing esophagectomy retrospectively. Categorizing individuals into the elevated NPS group and the non-elevated NPS group based on the change in NPS after NACR (ΔNPS > 0 or ∆NPS ≤ 0), we examined and compared the clinicopathological characteristics, survival rates, and postoperative complications between these 2 groups (∆NPS = post-NACR NPS - pre-NACR NPS).

Results: Results: Out of the 232 patients enrolled, 105 exhibited elevated NPS levels, while 127 showed non-elevated NPS levels. Survival analyses indicated inferior overall survival (OS) (p=0.024) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (p=0.047) in the elevated NPS cohort compared to the non-elevated NPS cohort. Subsequent cox regression analyses identified the post-NACR change in NPS as an independent prognostic indicator for RFS (p=0.029) and OS (p=0.036).

Conclusion: Elevated NPS post-NACR emerged as a significant indicator of worse prognosis for locally advanced ESCC patients who underwent NACR. This finding has great potential to be useful for recognizing high-risk ESCC patients who received NACR before undergoing esophagectomy and making individualized subsequent therapeutic decisions in clinical practice.

Keywords: Naples prognostic score; Neoadjuvant therapy; esophageal cancer; prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy
  • Chemoradiotherapy / methods
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma* / mortality
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma* / pathology
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma* / therapy
  • Esophagectomy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate