Peri-implant diseases and systemic inflammation: A preliminary analysis from a cross-sectional survey of patients with hypertension

J Periodontol. 2024 Jun;95(6):525-534. doi: 10.1002/JPER.21-0338. Epub 2024 May 14.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between peri-implant diseases and systemic inflammation assessed by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in a sample of patients with hypertension.

Methods: A total of 151 participants with hypertension were included in a cross-sectional study. The population was divided into six groups according to their peri-implant and periodontal status (healthy controls, mucositis, peri-implantitis, periodontitis, periodontitis and mucositis, periodontitis, and peri-implantitis). Linear, logistic regression, and correlation analyses were performed.

Results: CRP levels were statistically significantly higher in participants with periodontitis alone (median 3.2 mg/L, interquartile range [IQR] 1.8, p = 0.012), combined with mucositis (3.10 mg/L, IQR 2.35, p < 0.001) or peri-implantitis (2.7 mg/L, IQR 2.53, p = 0.002) when compared to the healthy controls (1 mg/L, IQR 1.2). This association was independent of age, sex, smoking status, and adiposity differences. Participants with periodontitis with and without peri-implant diseases had the greatest odds of exhibiting CRP > 3 mg/L (odds ratio = 7.3, 95% confidence interval 1.6-33.9).

Conclusions: Peri-implant diseases are associated with systemic inflammation, but the nature of the association should be further investigated.

Keywords: C‐reactive protein; dental implants; inflammation; mucositis; peri‐implantitis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • C-Reactive Protein* / analysis
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dental Implants
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / complications
  • Inflammation* / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mucositis* / blood
  • Mucositis* / etiology
  • Peri-Implantitis* / blood
  • Periodontitis* / blood
  • Periodontitis* / complications
  • Sex Factors
  • Smoking
  • Stomatitis* / blood
  • Stomatitis* / etiology

Substances

  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Dental Implants