From the Design of Innovative Ti-Pt Heterometallic Complexes to the Development of Highly Anti-Proliferative Water-Soluble Cationic Titanocenes

Chembiochem. 2024 Oct 1;25(19):e202400099. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202400099. Epub 2024 Jul 26.

Abstract

Two innovative early/late Ti-Pt-heterobimetallic complexes were synthesized, characterized, and screened in cell-based assays using several human (SW480 and MDA-MB-231) and murine cancer cell lines (CT26 and EMT6) as well as a non-cancerous cell line (HMEC). The combination of the two metals - titanium(IV) and platinum (IV) - in a single molecule led to a synergistic biological activity (higher anti-proliferative properties than a mixture of each of the corresponding monometallic complexes). This study also investigated the benefits of associating a metal-free terpyridine moiety (with intrinsic biological activity) with a water-soluble titanocene fragment. The present work reveals that these combinations results in water-soluble titanocene compounds displaying an anti-proliferative activity down to the submicromolar level. One of these complexes induced an antitumor effect in vivo in CT26 tumor bearing BALB/C mice. The terpyridine moiety was also used to track the complex in vitro by multiphoton microscopy imaging.

Keywords: bimetallic complex; cancer; platinum; theranostic; titanocene; water-soluble titanocene.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Cations / chemistry
  • Cations / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Coordination Complexes / chemical synthesis
  • Coordination Complexes / chemistry
  • Coordination Complexes / pharmacology
  • Drug Design
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry
  • Organometallic Compounds / pharmacology
  • Platinum* / chemistry
  • Platinum* / pharmacology
  • Solubility*
  • Titanium* / chemistry
  • Titanium* / pharmacology
  • Water* / chemistry

Substances

  • Titanium
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Platinum
  • Water
  • titanocene
  • Coordination Complexes
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Cations