Aim: Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is an autosomal recessive DNA repair disorder which is characterized by immunodeficiency and increased risk of lymphoproliferative malignancy.
Case: We observed an increase in the rate of chromosomal rearrangements in the cultured cells following an incidental radiograph for craniosynostosis in a newborn who was followed up due to microcephaly. We identified a homozygous deletion of c.657_661delACAAA/p.Lys219fs (rs587776650) in the NBN gene through whole exome sequencing.
Conclusion: It is crucial to thoroughly examine the clinical features of newborns with microcephaly and consider chromosomal instability syndromes just like Nijmegen breakage syndrome. Not overlooking radiosensitivity, which is a characteristic feature of this syndrome, is a vital condition to the patient's survival time.
Keywords: NBN gene; Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS); chromosomal rearrangements; microcephaly; radiosensitivity.
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