Fabrication of atelocollagen-coated bioabsorbable suture and the evaluation of its regenerative efficacy in Achilles tendon healing using a rat experimental model

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jun;271(Pt 1):132564. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132564. Epub 2024 May 21.

Abstract

Recently, the incidence of Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) has become more common, and repair surgery using a bioabsorbable suture is generally preferred, particularly in the case of healthy patients. Sutures composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are commonly used in ATR surgeries. Nevertheless, owing to the inherent limitations of PLGA, novel bioabsorbable sutures that can accelerate Achilles tendon healing are sought. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of atelocollagen on tendon healing. In this study, poly(3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine) (pDOPA), a hydrophilic biomimetic material, was used to modify the hydrophobic surface of a PLGA suture (Vicryl, VC) for the stable coating of atelocollagen on its surface. The main objective was to fabricate an atelocollagen-coated VC suture and evaluate its performance in the healing of Achilles tendon using a rat model of open repair for ATR. Structural analyses of the surface-modified suture indicated that the collagen was successfully coated on the VC/pDOPA suture. Postoperative in vivo biomechanical analysis, histological evaluation, ultrastructural/morphological analyses, and western blotting confirmed that the tendons in the VC/pDOPA/Col group exhibit superior healing than those in the VC and VC/pDOPA groups after 1 and 6 weeks following the surgery. The this study suggests that atelocollagen-coated PLGA/pDOPA sutures are preferable for future medical applications, especially in the repair of ATR.

Keywords: Achilles tendon rupture; Coating; Collagen; PLGA suture; pDOPA.

MeSH terms

  • Absorbable Implants
  • Achilles Tendon* / drug effects
  • Achilles Tendon* / injuries
  • Achilles Tendon* / surgery
  • Animals
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / chemistry
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible / pharmacology
  • Collagen* / chemistry
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Male
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer / chemistry
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Regeneration / drug effects
  • Sutures*
  • Tendon Injuries / surgery
  • Wound Healing* / drug effects

Substances

  • atelocollagen
  • Collagen
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible