Optimizing Use of High-Sensitivity Troponin for Risk-Stratification of Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Thromb Haemost. 2024 Dec;124(12):1134-1142. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1786820. Epub 2024 May 24.

Abstract

Background: High-sensitivity troponin T (HS-TnT) may improve risk-stratification in hemodynamically stable acute pulmonary embolism (PE), but an optimal strategy for combining this biomarker with clinical risk-stratification tools has not been determined.

Study hypothesis: We hypothesized that different HS-TnT cutoff values may be optimal for identifying (1) low-risk patients who may be eligible for outpatient management and (2) patients at increased risk of clinical deterioration who might benefit from advanced PE therapies.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of hemodynamically stable patients in the University of Michigan acute ED-PE registry with available HS-TnT values. Primary and secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality and need for intensive care unit-level care. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine optimal HS-TnT cutoffs in the entire cohort, and for those at higher risk based on the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) or imaging findings.

Results: The optimal HS-TnT cutoff in the full cohort, 12 pg/mL, was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 3.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48-10.50) and remained a significant predictor after adjusting for the simplified PESI (sPESI) score and serum creatinine (adjusted OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.11-8.38). A HS-TnT cutoff of 87 pg/mL was associated with 30-day mortality (OR: 5.01, 95% CI: 2.08-12.06) in patients with sPESI ≥1 or right ventricular dysfunction.

Conclusion: In this retrospective, single-center study of acute PE patients, we identified distinct optimal HS-TnT values for different clinical uses-a lower cutoff, which identified low-risk patients even in the absence of other risk-stratification methods, and a higher cutoff, which was strongly associated with adverse outcomes in patients at increased risk.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers* / blood
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Michigan / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / blood
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / diagnosis
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / mortality
  • ROC Curve
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Troponin T* / blood

Substances

  • Troponin T
  • Biomarkers