Influenza Virus Genomic Surveillance, Arizona, USA, 2023-2024

Viruses. 2024 Apr 27;16(5):692. doi: 10.3390/v16050692.

Abstract

Influenza viruses are constantly evolving and are therefore monitored worldwide in the hope to reduce the burden of disease by annual updates to vaccine recommendations. We conducted genomic sequencing of 110 influenza A and 30 influenza B viruses from specimens collected between October 2023 and February 2024 in Arizona, USA. We identified mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) antigenic sites as well as the neuraminidase (NA) gene in our samples. We also found no unique HA and NA mutations in vaccinated yet influenza-infected individuals. Real-time genomic sequencing surveillance is important to ensure influenza vaccine effectiveness.

Keywords: Arizona; genomic surveillance; influenza virus.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Arizona / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Epidemiological Monitoring
  • Female
  • Genome, Viral*
  • Genomics / methods
  • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / genetics
  • Humans
  • Influenza A virus* / classification
  • Influenza A virus* / genetics
  • Influenza B virus* / genetics
  • Influenza Vaccines / genetics
  • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
  • Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human* / virology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation*
  • Neuraminidase* / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Whole Genome Sequencing
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Neuraminidase
  • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
  • Influenza Vaccines